The following faults may occur during the use of the water pump:

1. Leakage: The seal of the water pump may leak due to long-term use or aging. Leakage may be caused by abrasion of sealing ring, breakage of sealing surface or looseness of fastening bolt. Leakage will lead to the loss of coolant, reduce the efficiency of the cooling system, and may even lead to overheating of the engine.

2. Bearing failure: The bearing of the water pump may fail due to long-term friction and wear. Bearing failure may be caused by insufficient lubrication, pollutants entering the bearing or bearing aging. Bearing failure will lead to unstable rotation of the water pump, and may even cause the water pump to stop working completely.

3. Impeller damage: The impeller of the water pump may be damaged due to long-term use or external impact. Impeller damage may be caused by wear, corrosion, collision or overload. Damage to the impeller will reduce the water flow of the pump and reduce the efficiency of the cooling system.

4. Drive belt failure: If the water pump is driven by the drive belt, the drive belt may be loose, worn or broken. These failures will cause the water pump not to rotate normally and cannot provide enough coolant flow.

5. Corrosion: The water pump may be affected by corrosive substances in the coolant, resulting in corrosion of the metal parts of the water pump. Corrosion will lead to the performance degradation of water pump, and may even cause leakage or other failures.

In order to avoid pump failure, regular inspection and maintenance are necessary. This includes checking the condition of the seals, bearings and impellers of the water pump, ensuring that the drive belt is tight and in good condition, and changing the coolant regularly. In addition, using high-quality coolant and avoiding corrosive substances will also help to prolong the service life of the pump.