The main components of automobile engine starter include armature, commutator, bearing, housing, drive gear and switch . The armature is the rotating part of the starter's interior, usually made of copper wire winding, which creates a magnetic field when an electric current passes through it, causing the starter to generate torque. The commutator is located around the armature and is made of silicon steel sheets and insulation material. Its role is to generate a magnetic field in the opposite direction of the armature rotation to keep the armature rotating continuously.
The working principle of the starter is based on the energy conversion process of ampere's law, that is, the action of an energized conductor under force in a magnetic field. The starter generates a magnetic field through the electromagnetic induction ring to drive the engine flywheel rotation to realize the engine start. Specifically, when the ignition switch is placed in the starting position, the power supply of the electromagnetic coil is switched on, and the moving iron core overcomes the spring force under the action of the electromagnetic force to move, driving the push rod and pinion to engage with the flexible disk or flywheel of the engine.
